Students will emerge with a deeper understanding of the key concepts and themes that define modern Central American history, a more nuanced view of U.S. foreign policy in that history, and an appreciation of its impact on Latinx migration in recent years.

Students will use primary source documents and artwork to solve the mystery of why there are competing interpretations on the reasons for the U.S. invading Panama in 1989.

Teaching this unit on the long durée of resistance against the United States allows educators to center youth activism, cultural resistance, and the enduring quest for justice Panamanians still pursue for their national identity.

Resources, suggested reflection questions, and activities that are meant to help teachers introduce the Darién Gap crisis to their students within the context of political rhetoric and global migration crises. 

This interactive map lesson provides students with clues based on the history and geography of Central America so that they can find and remember the location of each country.